31. American Crow

Nests - Nests are usually well hidden in crotches and on horizontal limbs of trees and shrubs, usually near the trunk, and more likely in upper one-third to one-quarter than at lower levels. Although both sexes bring in nest-lining material, female does more of detailed fine-tuning of nest lining than does male. The bottom and sides consist of branches about 15–30 cm long, mostly broken from nearby trees and shrubs, a few obtained on the ground along the tide line. 

Eggs - Subelliptical to oval, Ground color usually pale bluish green or olive-green, marked with irregular shaped blotches of different shades of brown and gray; blotches usually concentrated at large end, but sometimes evenly distributed. Clutch size usually 4 to 5 (range 3 to 7).

Incubation - Only females incubate. During incubation, male feeds female on nest, but more usually at some distance from nest. Incubation usually 18-19 days (range 17–20).

Fledging - Altricial (blind, helpless), sparsely covered in down, and nidicolous (remain in nest until they can fly).  Initially male brings all food while female broods young. Male usually feeds part of food to nestlings and the other part, or sometimes all of it, to female, which then gives it to nestlings. Female does not eat food that male brings. Leave nest at 31-32 days (range 16–36).